Docker Technologies for DevOps and Developers学习笔记 - 1

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Concepts

Images

  • which are read only templates used to create containers.
  • are created with the docker build command by docker user.

Containers

  • container is an instance of an image(like an instance of a class - a runtime object)

Official Docker images website -> https://hub.docker.com/

Basic commands

ls本机上的docker image -> docker images

创建一个有busybox的的docker container 并执行 echo "hello docker" -> docker run busybox:1.24 echo "hello docker"

ls docker container中的根目录 -> docker run busybox:1.24 ls /

进入docker container -> docker run -i -t busybox:1.24，执行exit可退出container，每一次都是一个新的image

使用docker ps -a来查看创建过的历史container ->

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rx:dev reed$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                 CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS               NAMES
d46a47c46f34        busybox:1.24        "sleep 1000"            3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                       wonderful_shockley
180a27bc3ba4        busybox:1.24        "sh"                    4 minutes ago       Exited (0) 4 minutes ago                           nostalgic_ritchie
901dec3242bb        busybox:1.24        "ls /"                  26 minutes ago      Exited (0) 26 minutes ago                          pensive_keldysh

新建一个container执行命令，完成后自动删除这个container -> docker run --rm busybox:1.24 sleep 1

新建一个指定名字的docker container -> run --name my_docker_container busybox:1.24 ls

inspect一个container的底层信息 ->

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rx:dev reed$ docker run -d busybox:1.24 sleep 100
7dd3d07d1ae16e0ccd042c62cc08a2523dc3dbf325ea9f957ff49fcf1e414645
rx:dev reed$ docker inspect 7dd3d07d1ae16e0ccd042c62cc08a2523dc3dbf325ea9f957ff49fcf1e414645

拉取tomcat 8.0 image，并创建一个container，同时将container的8080端口映射到主机的8888端口 ->

  • 从国内docker image源中下载tomcat 8.0 image -> docker pull registry.docker-cn.com/library/tomcat:8.0
  • 创建container并映射端口 -> docker run -it -p 8888:8080 registry.docker-cn.com/library/tomcat:8.0
  • 运行container并在后台运行 -> docker run -it -d -p 8888:8080 registry.docker-cn.com/library/tomcat:8.0 执行后会显示container ID
  • 查看后台运行的container的运行log -> docker logs DOCKER_CONTAINER_ID
  • 停止一个后台运行的container -> docker stop DOCKER_CONTAINER_NAME

Run Container in Foreground or Background

run container in foreground -> default mode

run container in background -> -d(dispatch) option

建一个container在后台运行，并用ps查看运行中的container ->

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rx:dev reed$ docker run -d busybox:1.24 sleep 1000
d46a47c46f34cbec69dc6ce04e9674a74f81d5bea17b93a8d441c4a88c8ba056
rx:dev reed$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
d46a47c46f34        busybox:1.24        "sleep 1000"        1 second ago        Up 2 seconds                            wonderful_shockley